Brief Reports
17 October 2022
Vol. 1 No. 3 (2022)
https://doi.org/10.4081/btvb.2022.45

Protein S on the surface of plasma lipoproteins: a potential mechanism for protein S delivery to the atherosclerotic plaques?

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Protein S, Atherosclerotic plaques, Lipoproteins, Phospholipids
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Authors

Marcello Baroni
marcello.baroni@unife.it
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Paolo Ferraresi
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6742-7832
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Nicole Ziliotto
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1007-7266
Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Italy.
Daria Bortolotti
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4496-9561
Department of Chemistry, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Pierfilippo Acciarri
Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, S. Anna University-Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.
Nicola Martinelli
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-5119
Department of Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Verona, Italy.
Giovanna Marchetti
Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Matteo Coen
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-1691
Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Francesco Bernardi
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.

The anticoagulant protein S (PS) binds phospholipids with very high affinity, but PS interaction with lipoproteins and lipidrich atherosclerotic plaques remains still poorly defined. We investigated PS in plasma lipoproteins and in atherosclerotic plaques from ten patients undergoing endarterectomy. PS was detected by Western blotting after exposure of the necrotic core to liposomes and was found to maintain its ability to bind phosphatidylserine micelles. The amounts of PS bound to low/very low-density lipoproteins in patient’ plasmas were higher and more variable than those detected in healthy subjects. A direct correlation between bound PS and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), plasma levels was found only in patients (r=0.921, p<0.001), thereby leading to hypothesize that the PS-phospholipids binding may increase by oxidative processes of LDL in atherosclerotic patients. The presence of the PS into the necrotic core of atherosclerotic plaques and on the surface of lipoproteins, particularly the atherogenic LDL, suggests a LDL-based delivery of PS to the atherosclerotic plaques and emphasizes the deep link between plasma lipids and coagulation in cardiovascular diseases.

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Supporting Agencies

The study has been carried out at the Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. The study was financially supported by Grant from Italian Ministry of University and Research, University of Ferrara, Italy (FAR 2020, FAR 2021), 5X1000 University of Ferrara grant (2021_NAZ.A_B) and by “Bando FIRD 2022 – BARONI” University of Ferrara grant.

How to Cite



Protein S on the surface of plasma lipoproteins: a potential mechanism for protein S delivery to the atherosclerotic plaques?. (2022). Bleeding, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/btvb.2022.45
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